Important Questions and Answers of Modern Indian History mcqs which help to understand the questions with details

Modern Indian History mcqs

Here you will get best practice for Modern Indian History mcqs with answers which are common for every Competetive exam like SSC, Railways exam state level exams etc.

Question No. 1. Among the following leader, who was the popularly known as the ” Frontier Gandhi”?

A. Iqbal Khan

B. Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad

C. Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan

D. Hasrat Mohani

Answer : Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan .

Details: Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan , popularly known as the frontier Gandhi earned this title because he closely followed Mahatma Gandhi’s principles of truth, non-violence and peaceful resistance throughout India’s freedom struggle. Although he belonged to the Pashtun community of the North-West Frontier Province, he firmly believed that non-violence could unite people against British rule. Therefore, he founded the khudai khidmatgar (Servants of God) movement and inspired thousands of volunteers to fight peacefully for justice and freedom. Moreover, he maintained a lifelong friendship with Mahatma Gandhi and consistently supported national unity, communal Harmony, and social reforms. consequently, people respected him as the ” Frontier Gandhi”

Question No. 2 Which of the following was the first established in India as a ” British Presidency”

A.Madras

B. Surat

C.Bengal

D. Delhi

Answer: Surat .

Details: In 1612, the British East India Company established its presidency at Surat , located in present day Gujarat, after securing trading rights from the Mughal Empire. Earlier , the British had defeated the Portuguese in the battle of Swally near Surat, which strengthened their position on India’s western Coast . Consequently , Surat became the Company’s First major trading center in India . From this Presidency, the Company managed its commercial activities and expanded trade in spices, textiles, silk and other valuable goods. Moreover , Surat’s strategic location and busy port greatly supported maritime trade. However, i\the Company later shifted the Presidency headquarters to Bombay in 1687 because it offered better military and commercial advantages.

Modern Indian History MCQs is the important part of Competetive exams.

 

Question No. 3. Who was the first woman President of India National Congress ?

A. Sarojini Naidu

B. Kanaktala Barua

C. Annie Besant

D.Bijaya Laxmi Pandit

Answer: Annie Besant .

Details : In 1917, Annie Besant became the first women to serve as the President of the Indian National Congress during its Calcutta Session. She earned this historic position because of her remarkable contributions to India’s freedom movement and her strong support for self- government. Earlier, she had launched the Home Rule Movement to demand greater autonomy for India within the British Empire . Moreover, she inspired thousands of Indians through her speeches , writings and political campaigns. She also promoted education and social reforms across the Country. Consequently , her election encouraged greater participation of women in national politics and strengthened the Indian freedom struggle.

 

Question No. 4 . In which year did Warrren Hastings become the first Governor- General in India (of India)?

A. 1780

B.1770

C.1773

D. 1775

Answer 1773

Details : In 1773, the British government appointed Warren Hastings as the first Governor- General of Bengal Under the Regulatory Act of 1773. As a result , he received greater authority to supervise the company’s administration in British- controlled territories. One of his most significance reforms involved abolishing the Dual System of Governance in Bengal, which had separated revenue collection from administrative control over both administration and revenue collection, making government more efficient and accountable. Moreover, Hastings introduced judicial and administrative reforms, strengthened the company’s authority, and laid the foundation for a more centralized system of British administration in India.

Question No. 5 Who introduced the duel government system?

A. Robert Clive

B. Warren Hastings

C. Lord Cornwallis

D. Lord Welsley

Answer: Robert Clive.

Details : Robert Clive became the first British Governor of Bengal after the British East India Company’s victory in the Battle of Plassey in 1757. He served as Governor from 1757 to 1760 and again from 1765 to 1767. During his second his period term he introduced the Dual Government (duel System) in Bengal in 1765 . Under this system, the company collected revenue through the Diwani rights, while the Nawab retained responsibly for administration and law and order through the Nizamat. Consequently , the company gained financial control without accepting full administrative responsibility.However, this arrangement weakened governance, increased corruption and caused severe hardship for the people of Bengal.

Question No. 6. Which Portuguese Governor is credited with initiating the ” Blue water policy” to established dominance over distant sea territories ?

A. Alfonso de Albuquerque

B. Francisco de Almeida

C. Nino da Cunha

D. Vasco da Gama

Answer: Francisco de Almeida

Deetails: Francisco de Almeida became the first Portuguese Viceroy in India in 1505. He strengthened Portuguese Power by consolidating forts, protesting trading posts and expanding naval dominance along the Indian Ocean. Moreover, he introduced the famous Blue water Policy, which focused on Controlling the seas rather than conquering large inland territories. Consequetly , the Portuguese built a strong naval force to safeguard their trade- routes and defeat rival powers. As a result , Almeida established Portuguese supremacy in maritime trade and laid the foundation for Portugals.s colonial expansion in India.

Question No. 7. “The Golden Farman” which granted the British free trade rights for an annual payment of 500 Gold Pagodas was issued by which dynasty?

A. Adil Shahi Dynasty

B. Kutub Shahi Dynasty

C. Nizam Shahi Dynasty

D. Mughal Dynasty

Answer : Kutub Shahi Dynasty.

Details: The British East India Company approached the Sultan of the Qutb Shahi Dynasty of Golconda to abstain trading privileges in the Deccan region. In return for an annual payment of 500 gold coins, the Sulatn issued the Golden Farman , which granted the Company the right to trade freely in his territories. Consequently , the British expanded their commercial activities without facing heavy restrictions or excessive taxes. Moreover, this agreement strengthening their economic influence and helped them establish a stronger trading network in southern India.

Question No. 8. Which battle in 1759 saw the British defeat the Dutch, effectively ending Dutch Territorial ambitions in

A. Battle of Swally hole

B. Battle of Wandiwash

c. Battle of Bedara

D.Battle of Buxar

Answer :Battle of Bedara.

Detail : The battle of Bedara, also known as the Battle of Chinsurah or Hoogly , took place in 1759, where the British defeated the Dutch after Mir Jafar had sought their help to overthrow British influence.

Question No. 9. Who is referred to in the sources as the “Real Founder ” of Portuguese Power in India for acquiring Goa in 1510 ?

A. Francisco de Almeida

B. Alfonso de Albuquerque

C. VAsco Da Gama

D. Nino da Cunha

Answer: Alfonso de Albuquerque

Detail : Alfonso de Albuquerque is called the real Founder because he secured Goa from Adil Shahi Dynasty of Bijapur in 1510 and initiated social consolidation.

Question No. 10. The royal order known as ” Farrukhsiyar ‘s Farman ” (1717) is historically regarded by the British as their

A.Treaty of Perpetual Friendship

B. Magna Carta

C. Subsidiary Alliance

D. Doctrine of Lapse

Answer : Magna Carta .

Detail : The trading permit issued by the Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar in 1717, granting duty- free in Benagal for Rs. 3000 , is known as the Magna Carta of British rule in India.

Question No. 11 . Which land revenue system involved the British government collecting revenue directly from the individual peasants (cultivators) ?

A. Zamindari system

B. Permanent settlement system

C. Ryotwari System

D. Mahalwari System

Answer : Ryotwari System .

Detail : Under the Rayotbari system , the company removed intermediaries like Zamindaris and performed direct collection from the rayots ( Peasants) considering them the owner of the land .

Question No. 12. Which Governor-General is associated with the “Policy of Ring Fence” and was the first to be appointed Governor -General of Bengal ?

A.Robert clive

B.Warren Hastings

C. Lord Cornwallis

D. Lord Wellesley

Answer : Warren Hastings .

Details : Warren Hastings was the first Governor – General of Bengal appointed under the Regulating Act. of 1773 and introduced the Ring Fence policy to create buffer states around British territories .

Question No. 13. The ”Satyashodhak Samaj, ” founded in the 1870s to challenge Brahmanical Supremacy and promote Social Justice , was established by

A. Raja Ram Mohan roy

B. Jyotibha Phule

C. Dayanand Saraswati

D. Sri Narayan Guru

Answer : Jyotibha Phule.

Details : Jyotibha Phule also known as Jyotirao Phule founded the the Satyashodhak Samaj to challenge the caste hierarchy and advocate for the rights of the backward classes and women.

Question No 14 . Which 19th century act officially ended the east India Company ‘s monopoly on trade with China and trade in tea ?

A.Charter Act of 1793

B.Charter Act. of 1813

C. The Charter Act of 1833

D.Government of India Act 1858

Answer : The charter Act of 1833

Details: The Charter Act of 1833 marked a major turning point in the history of the British East India Comapny. It abolished the Company’s remaining commercial monopoly, including its profitable trade with China and the tea trade. Consequently , the Company stopped functioning as a trading organisation and became a purely political and administrative body. Moreover, the Act strengthening the central administrative by increasing the powers Governor- General of India. As a result, the British government exercised greater control over Indian administration and policy making.

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